中央經濟工作會議在北京舉行 習近平發表重要講話

中央經濟工作會議在北京舉行

習近平發表重要講話　李強作總結講話

趙樂際王滬寧蔡奇丁薛祥李希出席會議

12月11日至12日，中央經濟工作會議在北京舉行。中共中央總書記、國家主席、中央軍委主席習近平出席會議併發表重要講話。新華社記者 謝環馳 攝

中央經濟工作會議12月11日至12日在北京舉行。中共中央總書記、國家主席、中央軍委主席習近平出席會議併發表重要講話。中共中央政治局常委李強、趙樂際、王滬寧、蔡奇、丁薛祥、李希出席會議。

12月11日至12日，中央經濟工作會議在北京舉行。中共中央總書記、國家主席、中央軍委主席習近平出席會議併發表重要講話。新華社記者 鞠鵬 攝

習近平在重要講話中總結2024年經濟工作，分析當前經濟形勢，部署2025年經濟工作。李強作總結講話，對貫徹落實習近平總書記重要講話精神、做好明年經濟工作提出要求。

會議認為，今年是實現“十四五”規劃目標任務的關鍵一年。面對外部壓力加大、內部困難增多的複雜嚴峻形勢，以習近平同志為核心的黨中央團結帶領全黨全國各族人民，沉著應變、綜合施策，經濟運作總體平穩、穩中有進，高品質發展紮實推進，經濟社會發展主要目標任務即將順利完成。新質生産力穩步發展，改革開放持續深化，重點領域風險化解有序有效，民生保障紮實有力，中國式現代化邁出新的堅實步伐。一年來的發展歷程很不平凡，成績令人鼓舞，特別是9月26日中央政治局會議果斷部署所有增量政策，使社會信心有效提振，經濟明顯回升。

會議指出，當前外部環境變化帶來的不利影響加深，我國經濟運作仍面臨不少困難和挑戰，主要是國內需求不足，部分企業生産經營困難，群眾就業增收面臨壓力，風險隱患仍然較多。同時必須看到，我國經濟基礎穩、優勢多、韌性強、潛能大，長期向好的支撐條件和基本趨勢沒有變。我們要正視困難、堅定信心，努力把各方面積極因素轉化為發展實績。

12月11日至12日，中央經濟工作會議在北京舉行。中共中央總書記、國家主席、中央軍委主席習近平出席會議併發表重要講話。李強、趙樂際、王滬寧、蔡奇、丁薛祥、李希出席會議。新華社記者 謝環馳 攝

會議認為，實踐中，我們不斷深化對經濟工作的規律性認識。黨中央集中統一領導是做好經濟工作的根本保證，在關鍵時刻、重要節點，黨中央及時研判形勢、作出決策部署，確保我國經濟航船乘風破浪、行穩致遠。必須統籌好有效市場和有為政府的關係，形成既“放得活”又“管得住”的經濟秩序。必須統籌好總供給和總需求的關係，暢通國民經濟迴圈。必須統籌好培育新動能和更新舊動能的關係，因地制宜發展新質生産力。必須統籌好做優增量和盤活存量的關係，全面提高資源配置效率。必須統籌好提升品質和做大總量的關係，夯實中國式現代化的物質基礎。

會議強調，做好明年經濟工作，要以習近平新時代中國特色社會主義思想為指導，全面貫徹落實黨的二十大和二十屆二中、三中全會精神，堅持穩中求進工作總基調，完整準確全面貫徹新發展理念，加快構建新發展格局，紮實推動高品質發展，進一步全面深化改革，擴大高水準對外開放，建設現代化産業體系，更好統籌發展和安全，實施更加積極有為的宏觀政策，擴大國內需求，推動科技創新和産業創新融合發展，穩住樓市股市，防範化解重點領域風險和外部衝擊，穩定預期、激發活力，推動經濟持續回升向好，不斷提高人民生活水準，保持社會和諧穩定，高品質完成“十四五”規劃目標任務，為實現“十五五”良好開局打牢基礎。

會議指出，明年要保持經濟穩定增長，保持就業、物價總體穩定，保持國際收支基本平衡，促進居民收入增長和經濟增長同步。

會議要求，明年要堅持穩中求進、以進促穩，守正創新、先立後破，系統整合、協同配合，充實完善政策工具箱，提高宏觀調控的前瞻性、針對性、有效性。

要實施更加積極的財政政策。提高財政赤字率，確保財政政策持續用力、更加給力。加大財政支出強度，加強重點領域保障。增加發行超長期特別國債，持續支援“兩重”項目和“兩新”政策實施。增加地方政府專項債券發行使用，擴大投向領域和用作項目資本金範圍。優化財政支出結構，提高資金使用效益，更加注重惠民生、促消費、增後勁，兜牢基層“三保”底線。黨政機關要堅持過緊日子。

要實施適度寬鬆的貨幣政策。發揮好貨幣政策工具總量和結構雙重功能，適時降準降息，保持流動性充裕，使社會融資規模、貨幣供應量增長同經濟增長、價格總水準預期目標相匹配。保持人民幣匯率在合理均衡水準上的基本穩定。探索拓展中央銀行宏觀審慎與金融穩定功能，創新金融工具，維護金融市場穩定。

要打好政策“組合拳”。加強財政、貨幣、就業、産業、區域、貿易、環保、監管等政策和改革開放舉措的協調配合，完善部門間有效溝通、協商反饋機制，增強政策合力。把經濟政策和非經濟性政策統一納入宏觀政策取向一致性評估，統籌政策制定和執行全過程，提高政策整體效能。

會議確定，明年要抓好以下重點任務。

一是大力提振消費、提高投資效益，全方位擴大國內需求。實施提振消費專項行動，推動中低收入群體增收減負，提升消費能力、意願和層級。適當提高退休人員基本養老金，提高城鄉居民基礎養老金，提高城鄉居民醫保財政補助標準。加力擴圍實施“兩新”政策，創新多元化消費場景，擴大服務消費，促進文化旅遊業發展。積極發展首發經濟、冰雪經濟、銀發經濟。加強自上而下組織協調，更大力度支援“兩重”項目。適度增加中央預算內投資。加強財政與金融的配合，以政府投資有效帶動社會投資。及早謀劃“十五五”重大項目。大力實施城市更新。實施降低全社會物流成本專項行動。

二是以科技創新引領新質生産力發展，建設現代化産業體系。加強基礎研究和關鍵核心技術攻關，超前佈局重大科技項目，開展新技術新産品新場景大規模應用示範行動。開展“人工智慧+”行動，培育未來産業。加強國家戰略科技力量建設。健全多層次金融服務體系，壯大耐心資本，更大力度吸引社會資本參與創業投資，梯度培育創新型企業。綜合整治“內卷式”競爭，規範地方政府和企業行為。積極運用數字技術、綠色技術改造提升傳統産業。

三是發揮經濟體制改革牽引作用，推動標誌性改革舉措落地見效。高品質完成國有企業改革深化提升行動，出臺民營經濟促進法。開展規範涉企執法專項行動。制定全國統一大市場建設指引。加強監管，促進平臺經濟健康發展。統籌推進財稅體制改革，增加地方自主財力。深化資本市場投融資綜合改革，打通中長期資金入市卡點堵點，增強資本市場制度的包容性、適應性。

四是擴大高水準對外開放，穩外貿、穩外資。有序擴大自主開放和單邊開放，穩步擴大制度型開放，推動自由貿易試驗區提質增效和擴大改革任務授權，加快推進海南自由貿易港核心政策落地。積極發展服務貿易、綠色貿易、數字貿易。深化外商投資促進體制機制改革。穩步推進服務業開放，擴大電信、醫療、教育等領域開放試點，持續打造“投資中國”品牌。推動高品質共建“一帶一路”走深走實，完善海外綜合服務體系。

五是有效防範化解重點領域風險，牢牢守住不發生系統性風險底線。持續用力推動房地産市場止跌回穩，加力實施城中村和危舊房改造，充分釋放剛性和改善性住房需求潛力。合理控制新增房地産用地供應，盤活存量用地和商辦用房，推進處置存量商品房工作。推動構建房地産發展新模式，有序搭建相關基礎性制度。穩妥處置地方中小金融機構風險。央地協同合力打擊非法金融活動。

六是統籌推進新型城鎮化和鄉村全面振興，促進城鄉融合發展。嚴守耕地紅線，嚴格耕地佔補平衡管理。抓好糧食和重要農産品穩産保供，提高農業綜合效益和競爭力。保護種糧農民和糧食主産區積極性，健全糧食價格形成機制。因地制宜推動興業、強縣、富民一體發展，千方百計拓寬農民增收渠道。發展現代化都市圈，提升超大特大城市現代化治理水準，大力發展縣域經濟。

七是加大區域戰略實施力度，增強區域發展活力。發揮區域協調發展戰略、區域重大戰略、主體功能區戰略的疊加效應，積極培育新的增長極。提升經濟發展優勢區域的創新能力和輻射帶動作用。支援經濟大省挑大梁，鼓勵其他地區因地制宜、各展所長。深化東、中、西、東北地區産業協作，大力發展海洋經濟和灣區經濟。

八是協同推進降碳減污擴綠增長，加緊經濟社會發展全面綠色轉型。進一步深化生態文明體制改革。營造綠色低碳産業健康發展生態，培育綠色建築等新增長點。推動“三北”工程標誌性戰役取得重要成果，加快“沙戈荒”新能源基地建設。建立一批零碳園區，推動全國碳市場建設，建立産品碳足跡管理體系、碳標識認證制度。持續深入推進藍天、碧水、凈土保衛戰。制定固體廢物綜合治理行動計劃。實施生物多樣性保護重大工程。加強自然災害防治體系建設。

九是加大保障和改善民生力度，增強人民群眾獲得感幸福感安全感。實施重點領域、重點行業、城鄉基層和中小微企業就業支援計劃，促進重點群體就業。加強靈活就業和新就業形態勞動者權益保障。落實好産業、就業等幫扶政策，確保不發生規模性返貧致貧，保障困難群眾基本生活。推動義務教育優質均衡發展，紮實推進優質本科擴容。實施醫療衛生強基工程，制定促進生育政策。發展社區支援的居家養老，擴大普惠養老服務。堅持和發展新時代“楓橋經驗”，加強公共安全系統施治。

會議指出，要自覺用黨中央對形勢的科學判斷統一思想、統一意志、統一行動，既把握大勢、堅定信心，又正視困難、保持清醒。要全面貫徹明年經濟工作的總體要求和政策取向，注重目標引領，著力實現增長穩、就業穩和物價合理回升的優化組合；把握政策取向，講求時機力度，各項工作能早則早、抓緊抓實，保證足夠力度；強化系統思維，注重各類政策和改革開放舉措的協調配合，放大政策效應。要緊抓關鍵環節完成好明年經濟工作重點任務，針對需求不足的突出癥結，著力提振內需特別是居民消費需求；針對制約發展的深層次障礙和外部挑戰，堅定不移深化改革擴大開放；針對産業轉型升級的瓶頸制約，推動新舊動能平穩接續轉換；針對企業經營中的關切訴求，加強政策支援和優化監管服務；針對重點領域風險隱患，持續用力推進風險處置。要大力提升抓落實的效能，充分調動基層積極性主動性創造性，持續優化營商環境，更好凝聚推動高品質發展的合力。

會議強調，要加強黨對經濟工作的領導，堅持幹字當頭，增強信心、迎難而上、奮發有為，確保黨中央各項決策部署落到實處。要強化正向激勵，激發幹事創業的內生動力。切實為基層鬆綁減負，讓想幹事、會幹事的幹部能幹事、幹成事。堅定不移懲治腐敗，保持公平公正的市場環境、風清氣正的營商環境。堅持求真務實，堅決反對熱衷於對上表現、不對下負責、不考慮實效的形式主義、官僚主義。統籌發展和安全，抓好安全生産，有效防範和及時應對社會安全事件。增強協同聯動，反對本位主義，形成抓落實的合力。加強預期管理，協同推進政策實施和預期引導，提升政策引導力、影響力。同時，要準確把握世情國情黨情社情，加強戰略謀劃，制定好中央“十五五”規劃建議。

會議要求，要做好歲末年初民生保障和安全穩定各項工作，深入排查化解各類矛盾糾紛和風險隱患，確保社會大局穩定。

會議號召，全黨全國全社會要更加緊密地團結在以習近平同志為核心的黨中央周圍，認真落實會議各項部署，全面完成經濟社會發展目標任務，以高品質發展的實際成效全面推進強國建設、民族復興偉業。

中共中央政治局委員、中央書記處書記，全國人大常委會有關領導同志，國務委員，最高人民法院院長，最高人民檢察院檢察長，全國政協有關領導同志以及中央軍委委員等出席會議。

各省、自治區、直轄市和計劃單列市、新疆生産建設兵團黨政主要負責同志，中央和國家機關有關部門、有關人民團體、中央管理的部分金融機構和企業、中央軍委機關各部門主要負責同志等參加會議。

China holds Central Economic Work Conference to make plans for 2025

Xi Jinping, general secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee, Chinese president and chairman of the Central Military Commission, delivers an important speech at the annual Central Economic Work Conference in Beijing, capital of China. The conference was held from Wednesday to Thursday in Beijing. (Xinhua/Xie Huanchi)

The annual Central Economic Work Conference was held in Beijing from Wednesday to Thursday as Chinese leaders decided priorities for the economic work in 2025.

Xi Jinping, general secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, Chinese president and chairman of the Central Military Commission, delivered an important speech at the conference.

In his speech, Xi reviewed the country's economic work in 2024, analyzed the current economic situation and arranged next year's economic work.

It was noted at the meeting that the Chinese economy has posted generally stable performance while making progress in 2024, with solid advances made in high-quality development and major annual goals and tasks of economic and social development to be successfully accomplished.

The development journey over the past year has been extraordinary and the achievements have been encouraging, according to the meeting. It noted that a raft of incremental policies deployed by the CPC leadership in late September have effectively boosted social confidence and driven a remarkable rebound in the economy.

While acknowledging the deepened adverse impact brought about by changes in the external environment and many difficulties and challenges still facing the domestic economic operation at present, the meeting pointed out that the supporting conditions and fundamental trend for the Chinese economy's long-term sound development remain unchanged.

"We must face up to the difficulties, strengthen our confidence, and strive to transform all positive factors into actual achievements in development," the meeting said.

More proactive and impactful macro policies should be implemented to sustain the upward trend of the economy, so as to fulfill the goals and tasks in the 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-2025) with high quality and lay a solid foundation for a good start to the 15th Five-Year Plan (2026-2030), the meeting said.

For next year, the meeting emphasized the need to maintain steady economic growth, keep employment and prices generally stable, ensure a basic equilibrium in the balance of payments, and increase residents' income in step with economic growth.

The country should adopt a more proactive fiscal policy and set a higher deficit-to-GDP ratio, and it should ensure that its fiscal policy is continuously forceful and more impactful, according to the meeting.

It pledged to increase the issuance of ultra-long special treasury bonds and local government special-purpose bonds, and optimize the structure of fiscal expenditure.

A moderately loose monetary policy should be implemented, with reductions in the reserve requirement ratio and interest rates at an appropriate timing to ensure ample liquidity, according to the meeting.

The meeting called for better coordination between fiscal, monetary, employment, industrial, regional, trade, environmental and regulatory policies and the country's reform and opening up measures.

Outlining a number of key tasks for 2025, the meeting urged efforts to vigorously boost consumption, improve investment efficiency, and expand domestic demand on all fronts.

A special campaign dedicated to stimulating consumption should be implemented, and efforts should be made to increase the incomes and alleviate the burdens of low- and middle-income groups, the meeting noted.

The large-scale equipment upgrades and consumer goods trade-in programs should be promoted with greater intensity and scope, and active efforts should be made to develop debut economy, ice and snow economy and silver economy, according to the meeting.

It called for stronger support for implementing major national strategies and building security capacity in key areas, and appropriately increased investment from the central government budget.

China should take steps to make scientific and technological innovation drive the development of new quality productive forces and build a modernized industrial system, the meeting said.

Efforts should be made to adopt forward-thinking arrangements for major technological projects, conduct large-scale demonstration for the application of new technologies, products, and scenarios, launch an AI Plus initiative, nurture industries of the future and boost China's strategic scientific and technological strength, according to the meeting.

China should nurture patient capital and attract greater social capital participation in venture capital, the meeting said, while urging addressing rat-race irrational competition and regulating behaviors of local governments and enterprises.

It called for giving full play to the leading role of economic system reform and ensuring that landmark reform measures are effectively implemented.

The government should enhance regulation and promote the healthy development of the platform economy, and improve the capital market system's inclusiveness and adaptability, the meeting noted.

It said China should expand its high-standard opening up and keep foreign trade and foreign investment stable.

Efforts should also be made to expand the pilot programs in opening up such fields as telecom, healthcare and education, according to the meeting.

It demanded effectively preventing and mitigating risks in key areas to ensure that no systemic risks occur.

Efforts should be continuously ratcheted up to further reverse the downturn of and stabilize the real estate market, the meeting said, calling for reasonably controlling the supply of newly added real estate land, and promoting the establishment of a new model for real estate development.

Risks in local small and medium-sized financial institutions should be addressed in a prudent manner, the meeting noted.

The meeting also called for efforts to pursue coordinated progress in new urbanization and all-around rural revitalization and promote integrated urban-rural development.

Stable production and supply of grain and other key farm produce should be ensured, while the governance of super-large and mega cities should be more modernized, according to the meeting.

Implementation of regional strategies must be strengthened to boost regional development vitality, the meeting said, calling for actively fostering new growth poles, as well as enhancing the innovation capabilities of areas with economic development advantages and giving better play to their role of leading development.

Efforts should be made to ramp up the green transition in all areas of economic and social development, with faster construction of new energy bases in sandy areas, rocky areas and deserts and the establishment of a group of zero-carbon parks, according to the meeting.

It urged intensified efforts to secure and improve people's wellbeing, demanding implementation of employment support plans for key sectors and industries, urban and rural communities, and micro, small and medium-sized enterprises.

The country should formulate pro-childbirth policies, develop community-supported at-home elderly care, and expand universally beneficial elderly care services, according to the meeting.

For next year's economic work, an optimized mix of stable growth, stable employment and reasonable price rebounds should be achieved, it said, urging all work to be done in a prompt and effective manner with sufficient intensity.

More endeavors should be focused on the accomplishment of major tasks for next year in key links, the meeting noted, stressing boosting domestic demand, especially consumer demand. It also called for improving management of expectations and coordinating policy implementation with expectation guidance to strengthen the guidance and influence of policies.

The meeting also demanded making sound proposals for the 15th Five-Year Plan.

Work should be done to ensure people's wellbeing and security at the turn of the year and maintain overall social stability, according to the meeting.

The meeting was attended by Li Qiang, Zhao Leji, Wang Huning, Cai Qi, Ding Xuexiang and Li Xi, who are all members of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee.

Li Qiang made a concluding speech, putting forward requirements for implementing the guiding principles of Xi's important speech and doing a good job in the economic work next year. 

Xi Jinping, general secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee, Chinese president and chairman of the Central Military Commission, delivers an important speech at the annual Central Economic Work Conference in Beijing, capital of China. The conference was held from Wednesday to Thursday in Beijing. Li Qiang, Zhao Leji, Wang Huning, Cai Qi, Ding Xuexiang and Li Xi attended the conference. (Xinhua/Xie Huanchi)

Xi Jinping, general secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee, Chinese president and chairman of the Central Military Commission, delivers an important speech at the annual Central Economic Work Conference in Beijing, capital of China. The conference was held from Wednesday to Thursday in Beijing. (Xinhua/Ju Peng)

Li Qiang, a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee, speaks during the annual Central Economic Work Conference in Beijing, capital of China. The conference was held from Wednesday to Thursday in Beijing. (Xinhua/Xie Huanchi)