國企改革

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大家好，歡迎來到碰詞兒現場！2018是中國改革開放40週年，在這一歷程中，國企改革是貫穿始終的主線。在十三五期間，國企改革也仍是一部重頭戲。因此，我們今天就來談談國企改革。

國企改革是中國經濟體制改革的中心環節。1979年國務院發佈《關於擴大國營工業企業經營管理自主權的若干規定》，標誌著國有企業改革的開始。歷經放權讓利（1978-1984）、權利分離（1985-1992）、現代化（1993-2002）、股份制（2003-2013）、混合所有制改革（2013-2015）五個階段，中國國有企業已基本完成向市場主體的轉變。

2015年中共中央、國務院頒布《關於深化國有企業改革的指導意見》，標誌著國企改革進入新階段，並以其為中心構成“1+N”改革主體框架。2018年政府工作報告提出，國有企業要通過改革創新，走在高品質發展前列。在新時代，國企改革將繼續向廣度和深度推進，以實現國有企業高目標、高層次、高水準的大發展、快發展。

 Hello! Welcome to About China! 2018 marks the 40th anniversary of China’s reform and opening-up, the reform of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) has been a thread running through the process. Besides, it still plays a critical part in the 13th five-year plan. Therefore, today we will talk about SOE reform. 

 SOE reform is central to the China’s economic system reform. In 1979, "Several Rules Concerning the Expansion of Managerial and Marketing Autonomy in State-owned Industrial Enterprises” published by the State Council kicked off the reform of SOEs. After five stages of reform: separating government administration from enterprise management (1978-1984), separating ownership from management power (1985-1992), establishing modern enterprise system (1993-2002), making the joint-stock enterprise a major form of public ownership, further promoting mixed ownership (2013-2015), now the transformation of China’s SOEs to market entities have completed on the whole. 

 In 2015, “Guiding Opinions of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and the State Council on Deepening the Reform of State-Owned Enterprises” was released, which marked a new chapter of SOE reform, and around which a major framework of “1+N” has been constructed. According to the Report on the Work of the Government delivered in 2018, SOEs should become front-runners in pursuing high-quality development through reform and innovation. In the new era, SOE reform is to be continually broadened and deepened in order to ensure immense progress and rapid development of high goal, high level and high standard.

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