昌化石因其主要産于浙江臨安昌化縣而得其名。亦是中國最著名的四大系印章石之一。昌化石具油脂光澤，微透明黃黑雙色巧至半透明，極少數透明。其礦物成分是以粘土礦物地開石為主，常含有高嶺石等粘土礦物。還常含有未完全蝕變成地開石的硬質石英斑晶，硬度遠遠大於地開石，工藝上稱其為“砂丁”，為雕刻家所大忌。因而，“砂丁”的多少直接影響昌化石的品質。

The name of Changhua Stone is because it is mainly produced in Changhua County, Lin'an, Zhejiang. It is also one of the most famous four series of seal stones in China. Changhua Stone has oil sheen, and it’s slightly transparent with color of yellow and black to transparent, and a few of stones are translucent. Its mineral composition is mainly based on dickite and mainly contains kaolinite and other clay minerals. It usually contains quartz phenocrysts which have not completely turned into dickite. Quartz phenocrysts are far greater than the hardness of dickite. They are called "Shading" in craftwork, which are taboo by the sculptor. Therefore, the quantity of "Shading" affects the quality of Changhua Stone directly.

　　昌化石的顏色主要有白、黑、紅、黃、灰等各種顏色，品種也細分成很多種，多以顏色劃分。昌化石中，自國內海外，最負盛名的便是“印石三寶”之一的“昌化雞血石”了。

The colors of Changhua Stone are mainly white, black, red, yellow, grey and so on. The variety of Changhua Stone is subdivided into many species, and the varieties are classified in colors. The most famous variety of Changhua stone from domestic and overseas is "bloodstone", one of the “three treasures of seal stones”.

　　據考證，雞血石的開採始於明代，而盛名于清代，康熙、乾隆、嘉慶等皇帝十分賞識昌化雞血石，將其作為寶璽的章料。

According to research, the exploitation of bloodstone began in the Ming Dynasty, and it was famous in the Qing Dynasty. Emperors like Kangxi, Qian Long, Gia Khanh and so on are appreciated Changhua bloodstone very much, making it as the material of Imperial jade seals.

（中國網綜合 翻譯 杜依依）

來源： 中國網    | 作者：中國網綜合 翻譯 杜依依    | 責編：尤迎寧    審核：張淵

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