岳飛(西元1103 - 1142)出身卑微，是南宋(西元1127 - 1279) 對抗入侵的金國(金是發源自中國東北的一個非漢族政權,被古代漢人認為是蠻夷)一名天才的軍事戰略家。在岳飛成為將軍之前，金國曾成功地征服了北方，迫使宋室南遷。在混亂中，宋徽宗和他的兒子欽宗被抓獲，這一重大事件標誌著北宋王朝的終結。

Born from a humble background, Yue Fei (岳飛1103-1142 AD) was a general and talented military strategist from the Southern Song Dynasty (1127-1279 AD) who fought against the invading Jin Dynasty (the Jin are not Han Chinese but are powerful Jurchen tribes from north-east China, and considered to be barbarians and foreign invaders by the ancient Han people). Prior to Yue becoming a general, the Jin had succeeded in their unrelenting conquest of the north, forcing the Song from their capital in Kaifeng. Amidst the chaos, Emperor Huizong and his son, Qinzong who was next in line, were captured and this significant event marked the end of the Northern Song Dynasty.

　　隨後 南宋王朝在新皇帝高宗的統治下開始，以臨安（現屬杭州重要歷史遺址）為新首都。當岳飛升到將軍的時候，他長期北伐阻止了金人的南下，最終兵臨開封城下，在那裏他計劃收復舊都。在此期間，高宗的親信寵臣秦檜建議皇帝召回岳飛並開始與金和談，因為人們認為金國如果在開封失敗可能會釋放徽、欽二宗。

The Southern Song Dynasty subsequently began under the reign of a new Emperor Gaozong, with Lin'an, as the new capital. Lin'an was to become the present site of the city of Hangzhou. So rich a heritage! When Yue rose to general, he fought a long campaign against the Jin halting their conquests and eventually pushing them all the way back to Kaifeng where he planned to retake the city. During this time, Emperor Gaozong's trusted grand advisor, Qin Hui, advised the Emperor to recall Yue Fei and begin peace talks as it was thought that the defeat of the Jin at Kaifeng might result in the release of Emperor Huizong and Qinzong.

　　不出意料，高宗皇帝採納了這條建議，因為前幾位皇帝的回歸將威脅到他的皇位繼承權。皇上還向岳飛連發十二道金牌。回到杭州後，岳雲和他的心腹張憲被逮捕監禁。為了迫使他們認罪，嚴刑拷打兩個月卻仍然沒有任何進展。當人們請願釋放岳飛的時候，秦檜開始擔心，他的妻子也來説服他，這次不動手他就再也沒有機會除掉岳飛。秦檜的妻子知道沒有證據證明岳飛有罪，於是發明瞭“莫須有”（也許有），這就意味著，儘管沒有證據，這一含糊其辭的罪名足以宣佈他犯有叛國罪。這使得秦下令處決了岳飛，他最後被絞死，而岳雲和張憲被送上斷頭臺。今天，“莫須有”這個詞在漢語中仍然是指不存在的罪名。

Inevitably, Emperor Gaozong followed this advice as the return of the previous emperors would threaten his claim to the throne. Golden plaques bearing the Emperor’s orders to return were issued to Yue 12 times who eventually submitted. Upon returning to Hangzhou, Yue, his son, Yue Yun and his faithful general, Zhang Xian, were arrested and imprisoned under false charges. They were tortured in order to force them to admit to the false charges but after two months, there was still no progress. As the people were petitioning for Yue Fei's release, Qin begun to worry and his wife stepped in to convince him that if he did not get rid of Yue Fei then, he would never have another opportunity. Knowing that there was no evidence to convict Yue Fei, Qin’s wife devised the sentence 'Mo xu you' (perhaps there is ), which meant that despite the absence of evidence, the ambiguity of the charge is enough to declare him guilty of treason. This allowed Qin to order the execution of Yue Fei who was finally hanged while Yue Yun and Zhang Xian were guillotined. Today, the term ‘Mo xu you’ remains in the Chinese language a reference to fabricated charges.

（中國網見習作者 胡金 綜合報道/譯）

來源： 中國網    | 作者：胡金 綜合報道    | 責編：胡金    審核：張淵

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