國家衛健委日前發佈《2018年我國衛生健康事業發展統計公報》。我國居民每人平均預期壽命由2017年的76.7歲提高到2018年的77.0歲。
The average life expectancy of Chinese people rose 42 years, from 35 years in 1949 to 77 years in 2018, according to a statistics communique recently released by the National Health Commission.
國家衛健委發佈的統計公報顯示,我國居民每人平均預期壽命由1949年的35歲增長到2018年的77歲,增加了42歲。
【名詞解釋】
每人平均預期壽命(average life expectancy)是指在一定死亡水準下,預期每個人出生時平均可存活的年數(the average time a person is expected to live based on the year of his/her birth)。每人平均預期壽命是度量人口健康狀況最重要的指標(an important marker of the overall health of a society),也是衡量一個國家或地區經濟社會發展水準及醫療衛生服務水準的綜合指標(a composite indicator of national or regional social economic development and health care service quality)。
國際上衡量一個國家居民健康水準的指標主要是每人平均預期壽命(average life expectancy)、嬰兒死亡率(infant mortality rate)和孕産婦死亡率(maternal mortality rate)。
A nurse takes care of new-born infants at a hospital in Huai'an, East China's Jiangsu province, on March 3, 2008. [Photo/Agencies]
From 2017 to 2018, the infant mortality rate has dropped from 6.8 to 6.1 deaths per 1,000 live births, while the maternal mortality rate decreased from 19.6 to 18.3 per 100,000 births, said the government statistics.
統計顯示,2017年至2018年,嬰兒死亡率從6.8‰下降到6.1‰,孕産婦死亡率從19.6/10萬下降到18.3/10萬。
統計還顯示,2018年鄉鎮衛生院和社區衛生服務中心(站)門診量(outpatient treatments at primary-level clinics)達19.2億人次,比上年增加0.4億人次。基本醫療保險覆蓋範圍進一步擴大,城鄉居民基本醫保補貼(per capita basic medical insurance subsidy for urban and rural residents)有所增加。
【相關詞彙】
預期壽命 life expectancy
死亡率 mortality/death rate
出生率 birth rate
孕産婦死亡率 maternal mortality rate
早逝(夭折) early death
基本醫保 basic medical insurance
大病醫保 critical illness insurance program
遠端醫療 telemedicine
參考來源:國家衛健委官網、人民網
(中國日報網英語點津 Helen)