石榴籽·同心圓 | 保安族：保安腰刀，鐵與火的傳奇
鍛打、淬火、開刃……爐火與鐵砧的碰撞，鍛造一把保安腰刀。
Forging, quenching, and sharpening... The collision of the furnace fire and the anvil gives birth to a Bao’an broadsword.
在中國的甘肅省積石山縣，有這樣一個因刀而聲名遠揚的民族——保安族。他們世代鍛造的保安腰刀，是中國少數民族三大名刀之一。
In Jishishan, an ethnic county in northwest China’s Gansu Province, there is an ethnic group known for their renowned sword-making craftsmanship -- the Bao’an people. The Bao’an broadsword, an heritage passed on by generations of Bao’an craftsmen, is considered one of the three famous blades of China’s ethnic minorities.
保安腰刀的製作工藝十分複雜，不同於普通刀具，一把保安腰刀的製作，少則需要40多道工序，多則要經歷80多道工序。保安腰刀種類繁多、各具特色，其中最著名的要算折花刀了。
The craftsmanship of Bao’an broadsword is highly intricate. Unlike ordinary knives, the production of a Bao’an broadsword involves more than 40 steps at the minimum, and can require over 80 steps at the maximum. These broadswords come in various types, each with its own unique features. Among them, the most renowned is the twisted pattern broadsword.
從外觀上看，折花刀或許“貌不驚人”，但它的品質關鍵在於刀刃。把鋼和鐵置於火中，燒紅後如擰麻花般反覆擰轉，燒化一次便擰一次，達到右擰八轉，左擰七轉。鋼與鐵揉出的花紋成就了折花刀剛柔相濟、紋理奇特的特質，而且每一把折花刀刀身上的花紋都是獨一無二、不可複製的。
At first glance, the twisted pattern broadsword may appear unremarkable, but its quality lies in its blade. The process involves heating steel and iron in a fire until they turn red, and then twisting them like a twisted doughnut. After each heating, the materials are twisted, with eight twists to the right and seven twists to the left in total. The resulting patterns, formed by the fusion of steel and iron, give the broadsword unique combination of strength and flexibility, as well as distinctive texture. Furthermore, the pattern on each twisted pattern broadsword is one-of-a-kind and cannot be replicated.
如今，保安腰刀已走上從家庭作坊向專業工作室的轉型之路，也由原先的純手工操作逐漸向半機械化發展。以前數月乃至一年才能製作出一把保安腰刀，現在可能只需要幾天的時間。
Today, the forging of Bao’an broadsword is shifting from home workshops to professional studios, changing gradually from purely manual operations to semi-mechanized production. In the past, it would take several months, or even a year, to produce a single Bao’an broadsword. However, now it is possible to complete the process in just a few days.
保安腰刀的製作工藝已經傳承了數百年，在一代代匠人手中，賡續著鐵與火的傳奇。
The techniques of forging Bao’an broadsword have been passed down for centuries, carrying on the legendary fusion of iron and fire in the hands of generations of skilled craftsmen.
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