中軸線之路：承載北京公共交通史上的“第一”

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很多老北京人把中軸線叫成“中軸路”，這條貫穿南北的中軸線路，確實肩負著重要的交通功能，也擁有很多北京公共交通史上的“第一”。

Many old Beijingers call the Central Axis “the Central Axis Road.” The route running through the north and south of China’s capital Beijing indeed shoulders important transportation functions, and also boasts many “firsts” in the history of public transportation in Beijing.

北京第一條無軌電車線路

Beijing’s first trolleybus route

1957年，北京第一條無軌電車1路全線通車，使用的是新中國第一代國産無軌電車“京一型”。要説乘客對“京一型”最深刻的印象，要數那兩條長長的“大辮子”，搭在空中電網上，為車輛供電，偶爾還會遇到“大辮子”脫軌，導致車輛被迫停運。

In 1957, Route No. 1, Beijing’s first trolleybus service, kicked off full operation, using China’s first-generation domestic trolleybuses known as “Type Beijing-1”.

The biggest impression the trolleybus had left on the passengers was its two long wires resembling “big braids.”They were attached to the power grid in the air to supply power to vehicles, and might occasionally encounter derailment,leading to the forced shutdown of vehicles.

“京一型”無軌電車陪伴了北京市民30多年，承載了那個時代人們的交通記憶。如今，“京一型”變身文創積木懷舊歸來，讓老一輩追憶往昔，讓年輕一代了解歷史，得以文化延續。

The “Type Beijing-1” trolleybus had served Beijing citizens for more than 30 years, carrying the traffic memory of people of that era. Nowadays, the trolleybus has made a nostalgic comeback in the form of cultural and creative building blocks, enabling the older generation to recall the past and the younger generation to learn more about history. In this way, the time-honored trolleybus culture lives on .

北京第一條公共汽車線路

Beijing’s first bus route

要説中軸線上最早的公交線路，5路公交車當仁不讓，其歷史可以追溯到1935年，採用的是T110型的道奇牌小客車，發動機前置形似一個大鼻子，也被俗稱“大鼻子車”。

The earliest bus line along the Central Axisis Bus No.5, whose history can be traced back to 1935. It used T110 Dodge passenger vehicle, whose engine front looks like a big nose, thus gaining the nickname “Big-nose Bus.”

現在的5路公交車是福田牌混動公交車，動力也是時下特別流行的增程形式。5路公交車最早的線路是由東華門開往香山，後經過多次調整，目前延長為從菜戶營橋至北土城公交線路。

Now the Bus No. 5 is a Foton hybrid busfueled by the particularly popular extended-range formof powersupply. The original route of Bus No. 5 was from Donghuamen to Xiangshan. After several adjustments, it has been extended to shuttle between Caihuying Bridge to Beitucheng.

沿著北中軸一路向北，就能看到奧林匹克公園；一路向南，穿梭在老城區的紅墻綠瓦中，途徑景山公園、故宮、天安門、前門、永定門等中軸線著名打卡景點，幾乎與中軸線路完全重合，堪稱“行走在中軸線上的最美公交”。

Running upwards along the north section of the Central Axis, one can see the Olympic Park. All the way south, the bus shuttles through the red walls and green tiles of the old city, passing through Jingshan Park, the Forbidden City, Tiananmen Square, Qianmen, Yongding Gate and other well-known scenic spots on the Central Axis. The route of Bus No. 5 almost completely coincides with the CentralAxis, thus it’s fair to call the ride “the most scenic bus route along the Central Axis.”

北京第一條快速公交線路

Beijing’s first bus rapid transit (BRT) route

北京首條快速公交線路也是沿著中軸線運作的。2004年12月25日，南中軸快速公交1線一期工程建成試運營，快速公交被稱為“地面上的地鐵”，很大程度上解決了人流密集區域的交通壓力，也滿足了遊客快捷、便利的交通需求。同時，快速公交1號線也成為了中軸線文化宣傳的一個窗口。車廂內展示各種中軸文化標語，讓中軸線更加貼近老百姓的日常生活。

Beijing’s first BRT line also ran along the Central Axis. On December 25, 2004, the South Central AxisBRT Route 1wascompleted and put intotrial operation. BRT, known as the “subway on the ground,”greatly eases the traffic pressure in crowded areas, meeting the tourists’demands for fast and convenient transportation. At the same time, BRT Line 1 has also become a window for promoting the Central Axis. Various promotional messages of the Central Axis are displayed in the carriage, bringing the cultural heritage closer to the daily life of ordinary people.

從無軌電車到公共汽車，再到快速公交，行駛在中軸線上的公共交通不斷更疊，承載著一代代人的記憶，更見證了中軸線、北京城和中國日新月異的變化和發展。

From trolleybuses to busesand BRT, the public transportation vehicles running along the Central Axis are constantly changing, carrying the memories of generations, and witnessing the ever-changing transformation and development of the cultural heritage, Beijing and China.

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