中英雙語丨“一帶一路”上的海南自貿港

Hainan FTP Along China's Belt and Road

“一帶一路”上的海南自貿港

China.Org--The Boao Forum for Asia Annual Conference 2021 is being held in Boao, south China’s Hainan Province, from Sunday to Wednesday under the theme of“A World in Change: Join Hands to Strengthen Global Governance and Advance Belt and Road Initiative Cooperation.”

As the host of the Boao Forum, Hainan undertakes exchanges and cooperation with countries and regions along the Belt and Road.

中國網訊 2021博鰲亞洲論壇正在海南舉行。今年年會的主題是“世界大變局：共襄全球治理盛舉 合奏一帶一路強音”。而主會場博鰲所在的海南省，承擔著同“一帶一路”沿線國家深入開展交流合作的重任。

On April 13, 2018, Chinese President Xi Jinping announced a decision to build the whole island of Hainan into a pilot free trade zone (FTZ), gradually exploring and steadily promoting the establishment of a free trade port (FTP) with Chinese characteristics. He made the announcement at a gathering celebrating the 30th anniversary of the founding of Hainan Province and the Hainan Special Economic Zone. It accorded Hainan an unprecedented development opportunity.

2018年4月13日，中國國家主席習近平在在慶祝海南建省辦經濟特區30週年大會上鄭重宣佈，支援海南全島建設自由貿易試驗區。這一決議賦予海南空前的發展機遇。

Hainan is a vital node on the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road and on the forefront of China’s integration with Southeast Asian countries. It also has been participating in the construction of the Belt and Road Initiative, strengthening cooperation in trade, investment, tourism, ecological and environmental protection, and cultural exchanges with countries and regions along the route. From 2013 to 2020, Hainan’s total imports and exports of goods increased from 15 billion yuan (about $2.4 billion) to 93.3 billion yuan (about $13.5 billion). The actual use of foreign direct investment increased from $1.8 billion to $3 billion.

海南是21世紀海上絲綢之路上的重鎮，也是中國同東盟國家開展進一步深入合作的前沿地帶。以海南為支點，中國同一帶一路沿途國家的貿易、投資、旅遊、生態環保和文化交流往來工作不斷強化。例如，2013年到2020年，海南的進出口貨物總值從150億人民幣增長至938億人民幣，實際利用外資水準從18億美元上升至30億美元。

On June 1, 2020, a master plan mapping out a timeline for the construction of the Hainan FTP was released. Per the plan, customs clearance at the FTP will begin by 2025, and by 2035, the FTP will optimize open policies and fully realize free and convenient flows of trade, investment, capital, personnel, transport and data. 

2020年6月1日，《海南自貿港建設總體方案》（以下簡稱“《總體建設方案》”）正式發佈，根據規劃，海南自貿港將於2025年實現全島封關運作，在2035年充分實現貿易自由便利、投資自由便利、跨境資金流動自由便利、人員進出自由便利、運輸來往自由便利和數據安全有序流動。

Given its geographical advantage and strategic mission, Hainan is an ideal ground for piloting an FTP with zero tariffs and low tax rates.

考慮到其得天獨厚的區位優勢和至關重要的戰略地位，海南島是建立“零關稅”、“低稅率”自由貿易區試點的理想選址。

The master plan has laid out a series of special policies for Hainan, such as scrapping import duties, lowering income tax rates for high-level talents and enterprises, and relaxing visa requirements for tourists and business travelers. For instance, the plan calls for extending zero tariffs from enterprises to consumers. The measures include raising the annual duty-free shopping quota for travelers to 100,000 yuan, and expanding the categories of duty-free goods.

In addition, the idea is to have low tax rates. By 2025, enterprises registered and operating in Hainan shall be entitled to corporate income tax at a reduced rate of 15 percent. Incomes from new overseas direct investment derived from enterprises in tourism, modern services and high-tech industries registered in the FTP shall be exempted from corporate income tax.Moreover, for high-level talents and talents in short supply, the portion of their actual individual income tax burden exceeding 15 percent will be exempted. In Singapore, the corporate tax rate is 17 percent, and the personal income tax rate is capped at 22 percent. In China’s Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, corporations are taxed at 16.5 percent and the personal income tax rate is capped at 17 percent. Hainan’s goal is to cap both at 15 percent.

《總體建設方案》提出了包括發佈“零關稅”清單、減少緊缺和高端人才個稅及企業所得稅、簡化赴瓊外籍人士商旅簽證辦理流程等一系列優勢政策。在“降稅”問題上，現有具體措施包括將個人離島免稅購物額度從每人每年3萬元提升至10萬元，並擴大免稅商品適用範圍等。此外，目前新加坡的企業所得稅為17%，個稅最高為22%；在中國香港，企業所得稅為16.5%，個稅最高為17%。而海南將力爭把這兩項指標控制在15%之內。根據規劃，到2025年，在海南自貿港註冊和實質性運營的企業所得稅將減至15%，從事旅遊業、現代服務業和高新技術産業的企業可免除所得稅；針對高端和緊缺人才，個稅中超過15%的部分可免除。

Furthermore, introduction of talents is another salient feature of the plan. Foreign nationals who declare on their own or are invited can enter Hainan visa-free. Overseas colleges of science, engineering, agriculture and medicine can establish independent educational services in Hainan. At the same time, Hainan welcomes world-class universities to run schools in cooperation with Chinese institutions.

最後，海外人才資源的引入也是一個引人注意的部分。外國人免簽入境事由範圍及渠道得到拓展。專注于理工農醫學科的海外高校可直接在海南開設分校等教育機構。同時，海南也歡迎世界名校來此同中國高教機構合作辦學。

In its 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-2025), Hainan proposed to further participate in the construction of the Belt and Road, and promote cooperation among countries and regions along the route, especially in areas of aviation, trade, finance, education, technology, culture, health and wellness, innovation and entrepreneurship.

十四五期間，海南將會繼續積極主動參與一帶一路的建設，並加強與沿途各國在航空航太技術、貿易、金融、教育、文化、健康醫療、創新創業等方面的交流。