石榴籽·同心圓 | 景頗族：傳承目瑙縱歌 共跳萬人舞！
The Jingpo Ethnic Group: Primitive Tradition Keeps Dancing with Evolving Inheritance
清晨第一縷陽光灑向中緬邊境的群山間，犀鳥在林間翩躚起舞。在景頗族文化中，犀鳥被認為是“百鳥之王”，對犀鳥的崇拜也融入了節慶生活。
As the first ray of morning sunlight spills over the mountains along the China-Myanmar border, hornbills flit and dance among the woods. In Jingpo ethnic culture, the hornbill is honored as the "king of birds," and reverence for it is deeply woven into the ethnic group's festivals and daily life.
目瑙縱歌是景頗族最為隆重的傳統節日。它的詞意即為“歡聚歌舞”——這也是節日上最主要的活動。
Munao Zongge is the grandest traditional festival of the Jingpo people. The term literally means "gathering to sing and dance" -- the core activity of the festival.
目瑙縱歌産生年代可追溯到原始社會時期，人們在舞場中心立起四根木柱，用來祭祀太陽和指示舞蹈路線。傳説中目瑙舞起源於鳥類舞，場地上還會設立以犀鳥、孔雀為形象的木雕。
Dating back to primitive society, the Munao Zongge Festival features four wooden pillars erected at the center of the dance ground to worship the sun and guide the dance route. According to legend, the Munao dance originated from bird dances, and wood carvings shaped like hornbills and peacocks are displayed at the venue.
雲南省隴川縣的排麻約，自幼跟隨父輩們參加節慶活動。2008年，他開始系統性學習“瑙雙、瑙巴”領舞技藝。
Pai Mayue from Longchuan County, southwest China's Yunnan Province, has taken part in festival celebrations with his elders since childhood. In 2008, he began systematic training in the leading dance techniques of Naoshuang and Naoba.
在目瑙縱歌中，“瑙雙”被認為是“太陽使者和月亮使者”，舞蹈技藝有嚴格、固定的傳統套路和隊伍人數，獨成一體；“瑙巴”則是由群眾擔任領舞者，帶領大家跳舞。
In Munao Zongge, "Naoshuang" is regarded as the "envoy of the sun and moon," with strict, fixed traditional routines and specified team sizes, forming a unique dance style. "Naoba," on the other hand, are community members who act as lead dancers to guide the crowd.
這些舞蹈，動作雖然不多，但頓步擺肩的韻律鮮明獨特，而這正是景頗族舞蹈的代表性動作。
The dance features a small number of movements, but its distinct rhythm of stamping feet and swaying shoulders makes it the signature dance of the Jingpo ethnic group.
“瑙雙瑙巴舞步”中，從“瑙雙”入場、觀察舞場，到敬拜、退場、返回，每一個步驟都承載著深厚的文化寓意，不同的舞步代表著招財慶豐收、慶祝勝利、慶賀新居落成等內容。
The Naoshuang-Naoba dance steps follow a complete sequence: from Naoshuang's entrance and observation of the ground, to paying homage, exiting, and returning. Every step carries profound cultural meaning, with different patterns symbolizing blessings for wealth and harvest, celebrations of victory, and housewarming ceremonies.
排麻約（景頗族目瑙縱歌省級非遺代表性傳承人）：“我們隴川的瑙雙瑙巴跳法，傳説中的內容很豐富。跳的人員都跟隨著瑙雙瑙巴的腳步，懂的人看得出我們跳的內容是什麼，意義何在，所以很有興趣來學習這個（舞蹈）。”
Pai Mayue, provincial intangible cultural heritage inheritor of Jingpo Munao Zongge: Our Naoshuang-Naoba dance style in Longchuan is rich in legendary stories. All dancers follow the steps of the Naoshuang and Naoba. Those who understand the dance can tell what we are portraying and its significance, which makes people eager to learn it.
每年的目瑙縱歌節上，各族群眾、遊客步入目瑙縱歌場同唱一首歌、共跳萬人舞，畫面極富民族感召力和凝聚力。
At the annual Munao Zongge Festival, people of all ethnic groups and visitors gather on the Munao Zongge ground to sing the same song and dance the ten-thousand-person dance, creating a scene full of ethnic appeal and solidarity.
排麻約：“我們現在跳的上萬人舞，每個人都可以參加目瑙縱歌，每個人都可以跳，每個人都可以感受學習，是在很融合的大團體裏面跳舞，這個是很難得的。”
Pai Mayue, provincial intangible cultural heritage inheritor of Jingpo Munao Zongge: The ten-thousand-person dance we perform today is open to everyone. Anyone can join Munao Zongge, dance along, and experience and learn it. We dance together as a harmonious community, which is truly precious.
今天，目瑙縱歌節已發展成為景頗人民歡慶豐收的民俗節日，圍繞目瑙縱歌盛會核心文化符號——“瑙雙瑙巴舞步”的傳承工作仍在開展。
Today, the Munao Zongge Festival has evolved into a folk festival for the Jingpo people to celebrate harvests, and efforts to inherit the core cultural symbol of the grand gathering -- the "Naoshuang-Naoba dance steps" -- continue.
排麻約：“腳步的這個問題，我們在平時培訓的時候，是很嚴格的，不僅僅是三兩天的培訓。以我自己來説，我入場到現在已經18年了。今天能夠從我父親那裏學習到的東西，還是很多，又跟老師們學習到了今天，帶領目瑙縱歌到這個程度，很有成就感。”
Pai Mayue, provincial intangible cultural heritage inheritor of Jingpo Munao Zongge: We are very strict with footwork training; it cannot be mastered in just two or three days. Personally, it has been 18 years since I first stepped onto the dance ground as a performer. I have learned so much from my father and teachers over the years, and I feel a great sense of accomplishment in leading the Munao Zongge performance to where it is today.
目瑙縱歌狂歡、民族團結晚會、過手米線長街宴…… 這，是景頗族人民發出的深情邀約。
The exuberant Munao Zongge Festival, evening gala highlighting ethnic unity, and long-table banquet featuring local specialty rice noodles... This is the sincere invitation from the Jingpo people for a share of the time-honored joy.
學術支援
Academic Support
中央民族大學網際網路平臺企業發展與治理研究中心
Research Center for Internet Platform Enterprise Development and Governance at Minzu University of China
鳴謝
Acknowledgement
中共德宏州委宣傳部
The publicity department of Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture
中共隴川縣委宣傳部
The publicity department of Longchuan County
隴川縣融媒體中心
The integrated media center of Longchuan County
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