深化司法體制改革

司法體制是政治體制的重要組成部分。近年來，人民對司法不公的意見比較集中，司法公信力不足很大程度上與司法體制和工作機制不合理有關。司法改革是全面深化改革的重點之一，主要改革舉措包括：改革司法管理體制，推動省以下地方法院、檢察院人財物統一管理，探索建立與行政區劃適當分離的司法管轄制度；健全司法權力運作機制，完善主審法官、合議庭辦案責任制，讓審判者裁判、由裁判者負責；嚴格規範減刑、假釋、保外就醫程式；健全錯案防止、糾正、責任追究機制，嚴格實行非法證據排除規則；建立涉法涉訴信訪依法終結制度；廢止勞動教養制度，完善對違法犯罪行為的懲治和矯正法律，等等。這些改革舉措，對確保司法機關依法獨立行使審判權和檢察權、健全權責明晰的司法權力運作機制、提高司法透明度和公信力、更好保障人權都具有重要意義。

Deepening judicial structural reform

The judicial system is an important part of the political system.

In recent years, people in China have grown increasingly critical of unfair adjudication.

The low degree of China's current judicial credibility is largely attributable to irrationalities in judicial system and working mechanisms.

Judicial reform is a major part of efforts to comprehensively deepen reform.

The main reform measures include reforming the judicial management system to place the personnel and financial and material resources of people's courts and procuratorates below the provincial level under unified management and exploring how to draw up judicial jurisdictions that differ to an appropriate degree from government administrative districts; improving judicial power operating mechanisms and the responsibility system of chief judges trying cases in full court, whereby the person who tries a case decides it and the person who decides it is held responsible; strictly standardizing procedures for commuting sentences and granting parole and medical parole; improving the mechanisms for preventing and correcting wrong verdicts and holding people accountable for them; strictly implementing the rules for excluding illegally obtained evidence; establishing a system for handling people's complaints about legal and litigation-related issues within the legal framework; abolishing the system of reeducation through labor; and improving laws for punishing and correcting crimes.

These reform measures are of great significance for ensuring that judicial departments exercise their judicial or procuratorial power, establishing a judicial power operating mechanism whereby powers and responsibilities are clearly defined, improving the transparency and public credibility of the judicial system and better safeguarding human rights.