中國網：近日，國務院新聞辦公室發佈《新時代的中國國際發展合作》白皮書。白皮書讓世界進一步了解新時代中國國際發展合作，表明瞭中國致力於構建人類命運共同體的態度和決心。當下，新冠肺炎疫情依舊在全球肆虐，各國人民的生命健康受到嚴重威脅，危難關頭，中國積極參與國際抗疫合作，習近平主席莊重承諾，將中國産新冠疫苗作為全球公共産品。中國作為發展中國家，為何如此重視國家發展合作？面對世界百年未有之大變局，我們將發揮怎樣的作用？本期節目，特邀中國國家國際發展合作署新聞發言人、國際合作司司長田林一一解答。
Recently, China's State Council Information Office released a white paper titled "China's International Development Cooperation in the New Era", which shows the world how China conducts international development cooperation in the new era, and demonstrates the country's commitment to building a community with a shared future for mankind.Currently the COVID-19 pandemic is still raging across the world, posing a very grave threat to people's lives and health. At such a critical juncture, China has been actively engaged in the global cooperation against the pandemic, with President Xi Jinping pledging to make China's COVID-19 vaccines a global public good.As a developing country, why does China attach so much importance to development cooperation between countries?What role will China play in a world undergoing profound changes unseen in a century?In this program, we are honored to have Mr. Tian Lin, the spokes person of China International Development Cooperation Agency and Director-General of the agency's Department of International Cooperation to share with us his views and insights.
圖為中國國家國際發展合作署新聞發言人、國際合作司司長田林 攝影/鄭亮
中國網：田司長，您好！歡迎您做客中國網《中國訪談》！
CHINA.COM.CN: Director-General Tian, welcome to China Talk of CHINA.COM.CN.
田林：中國網的各位網友朋友們，大家好！
Tian Lin: Nice to be here and hello to followers of CHINA.COM.CN.
中國網：近期中國政府發佈了《新時代的中國國際發展合作》白皮書，詳細介紹了中國近年來開展國際發展合作的一些情況。我們了解到中國政府于2011年和2014年分別發佈了兩本《中國的對外援助》白皮書。那麼新發表的這本白皮書的主要背景是什麼呢？主要內容有哪些？
CHINA.COM.CN: The Chinese government has recently issued a white paper titled "China's International Development Cooperation in the New Era", which gives detailedinformation on China's work in this field in recent years.We learned that previously, the Chinese government had issued two white papers titled "China's Foreign Aid"in 2011 and 2014 respectively.So what is the story behind the release of this new white paper?What is the main content?
田林：2020年，是新中國開展對外援助70週年。70年來，我們一直秉持著國際主義和人道主義的精神，在南南合作框架下和力所能及的範圍內，向廣大發展中國家提供了不附加任何政治條件的援助，贏得了廣泛的讚譽。
Tian Lin: The year 2020 marks the 70th anniversary of the People's Republic of China's foreign aid.Over the past seven decades, acting in the spirit of humanitarianism and internationalism and within the framework of South-South cooperation, we have been providing assistance to the best of our ability to other developing countries without attaching any political conditions. And such efforts have been hailed by the international community.
2011年、2014年，中國政府兩次發佈了《中國的對外援助》白皮書，介紹了新中國成立以來到2012年中國對外援助的總體情況。
In 2011 and 2014, the Chinese government released two white papers titled "China's Foreign Aid", reviewing the development of China’s foreign aid during the period since the founding of the People's Republic of China (1949) till 2012.
黨的十八大以來，國內外的形勢都發生了很大的變化。從國際上講，世界百年未有之大變局正在加速地演進，2015年聯合國通過了2030年可持續發展議程，這已經成為國際社會共同的一個發展的目標和責任。
Both China and the wider world have witnessed profound changes since 2012. Globally, the once-in-a-century transformation is accelerating. In 2015, the United Nations adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, which has since become a common development goal and shared responsibility of the international community.
從國內來看，中國特色社會主義進入新時代，我們即將開啟（全面）建設社會主義現代化國家的新征程。習近平主席提出了一系列的重要的新理念、新思想和新倡議。在重大的國際場合也宣佈了一系列的務實合作的舉措，我們中國的對外援助，也是順應時代的要求，在向國際發展合作來轉型升級。
Domestically, we're in a new era of building socialism with Chinese characteristics, embarking on a journey toward(fully) building a modern socialist country.President Xi Jinping has put forward important new philosophy, ideas and initiatives and announced a series of measures for practical cooperation on major international occasions. Therefore, responding to the call of our times, Chinese foreign aid has also been upgraded to promote international development cooperation.
這份白皮書是黨的十八大以來，也是2018年中國國家國際發展合作署成立以後，中國政府發佈的首份關於國際發展合作的政策文件。主要內容我們可以用三個關鍵詞來概括：
The recent white paper is the first policy document on international development cooperation that the Chinese government has issued since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and after the establishment of the China International Development Cooperation Agency in 2018.The main content can be summarized in three key words:
第一個就是理念，白皮書系統地梳理總結了中國國際發展合作的創新理念和政策主張。
First, philosophy. The white paper gives a systematic summary of China's new philosophy, policies and positions on international development cooperation.
第二方面就是行動，白皮書全面地反映了2013年以來，中國國際發展合作所取得的重要進展和成就。
Second, action. The white paper highlights the significant progress and achievements China has made in international development cooperation since 2013.
第三就是展望，我們全面展望了未來中國開展國際發展合作的願景和目標。
Third,outlook. The white paper elaborates on China's vision and goals in international development cooperation in the future.
中國網：您剛才介紹了這份白皮書也是詳細梳理總結了中國開展國際發展合作的理念和政策主張。能不能跟我們詳細介紹一下這方面的情況呢？
CHINA.COM.CN: As you said, this white paper expounds on China's philosophy, policies and propositions on international development cooperation.Can you tell us more about that?
田林：從1950年，中國開始開展對外援助以來，我們逐步走過了一條中國特色的國際發展合作之路，也逐步地形成了中國特色的國際發展合作理念和政策主張。1964年，周恩來總理訪問非洲期間，宣佈了對外經濟技術合作的八項原則，它的核心是平等互利，不附加任何政治條件。那麼這也確定了中國開展對外援助的基本方針。
Tian Lin: Since China began to provide foreign aid in 1950, we have gradually found a path of international development cooperation with Chinese characteristics, and developed philosophy and policy initiatives with our own distinctive features. During his visit to Africa in 1964, Premier Zhou Enlai announced eight principles governing China's foreign economic and technical cooperation, with equality, mutual benefits, and no political conditions attached at the core. That became the basic principles guiding China's work in foreign aid.
進入新時代，習近平主席把中國的發展和世界的發展結合起來，提出了構建人類命運共同體的構想，形成了中國開展國際發展合作的新理念。這充分地展現了中國的全球視野和責任擔當。我們的理念和主張可以從三個層面來分析：首先是明確中國開展國際發展合作的文化根脈和精神源泉。講信義、重情義、揚正義、樹道義，這是我們搞國際發展合作的內生動力。
In the new era, President Xi,aligning the development of China and the world, has put forward the vision of building a community with a shared future for mankind and developed new philosophy in international development cooperation.This has also fully demonstrated China's global vision and sense of responsibility.Our ideas and propositions can be analyzed from three levels: firstly, the cultural roots and fundamental value of China's international development cooperation. The emphasis on friendship, justice and good faith is the driving force for our work in this field.
我們開展國際發展合作的源泉應該説源於中華民族天下大同的理念，中國人民感恩圖報的這種樸實的情感，也源於中國的國際主義情懷和負責任的大國擔當。
Our international development cooperation is driven by our pursuit of universal harmony in the world, the sincere gratitude of the Chinese people,as well as the spirit of internationalism of China as a responsible major country.
第二是我們提出了一個重要的觀點，就是中國的國際發展合作觀，我們的崇高使命是構建人類命運共同體。我們的價值導向是正確義利觀，我們的基本定位是南南合作，我們把“一帶一路”作為我們的重要平臺，同時我們把幫助其他國家實現2030年可持續發展目標，作為我們的重要方向。
Secondly, we proposed the important view that China's international development cooperation is guided by the lofty goal of building a community with a shared future for mankind. Our work is based on the value of seeking greater good and shared benefits and positioned as part of South-South cooperation. Leveraging the Belt and Road Initiative as a major platform, we strive to help other countries achieve the goals of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
第三個層面，闡釋了中國國際發展合作的政策主張。我們提出了八項政策主張，這些主張是以和平共處五項原則為基礎，堅持相互尊重、平等互利、重信守諾、量力而行、開放包容、與時俱進這些原則。這也是符合公認的國際關係準則的，也是符合國際社會求和平、謀發展這樣的一個時代潮流的。
Thirdly, we have elaborated on China's policies and positions on international development cooperation. The eight policy initiatives that we put forward are based on the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence and follow the principles of mutual respect, equality, mutual benefits, good faith, openness, inclusiveness as well as doing what we are capable of and keeping pace with the times. These policy initiatives, while in line with the universally recognized norms governing international relations, also follow the trend of our times of seeking peace and development.
圖為中國國家國際發展合作署新聞發言人、國際合作司司長田林 攝影/鄭亮
中國網：近年來國內一直有人認為，中國在國際發展合作領域投入了太多的資金，應該將這部分資金用於扶貧攻堅，以及改善國內的民生醫療等事業。您對此怎麼看呢？中國作為發展中國家，為何會如此重視國際發展合作？
CHINA.COM.CN: In recent years, there are concerns that China has spent too much money on international development cooperation, and these money should have been used to alleviate poverty and improve medical services and people's livelihood at home. What's your comment?Why does China, a developing country, attach so much importance to international development cooperation?
田林：首先是中國的外交政策和國際地位，我們堅持人類命運共同體的理念，始終堅持世界是休戚與共的共同體，中國的發展是離不開世界的，世界的和平發展和繁榮穩定也離不開中國。我們經常説世界好，中國才能好；中國好，世界才更好。那麼中國是世界上最大的發展中國家，我們還是聯合國安理會的常任理事國。所以我們的國際地位決定了我們理應對世界的和平、發展和繁榮作出應有的貢獻。
Tian Lin: First of all, China's foreign policy and international status require us to do so. Guided by the vision of building a community with a shared future for mankind, we believe China needs the world for its development and the world also needs China in its pursuit of peace, development, stability and prosperity, as all countries share a common stake. We often say that China will be better in a better world, and in turn, a stronger China will contribute more to further progress in the world. China is the largest developing country in the world, and a permanent member of the UN Security Council. Our international status means that we should do our part in promoting global peace, development and prosperity.
第二個層面，我們也要清醒地認識到自身的國情，中國仍然是一個發展中國家，我們的國際發展合作始終屬於南南合作的範疇。所以量力而行，盡力而為，這項原則始終是我們要始終去堅持的。那麼我們在為世界做貢獻的時候，還是要牢牢地把握好這一點。
Secondly, we should always bear in mind our own national conditions. Our international development cooperation is carried out within the scope of South-South cooperation as China is still a developing country. That means we should always adhere to the principle of doing what we are capable of without overstretching ourselves. This is a guiding compass when we make contributions to the world.
第三方面，援助總是相互的，中國的發展，我們獲得了國際社會的許多支援和幫助，特別是在遭遇汶川特大地震自然災害的時候，在去年我們抗擊新冠肺炎疫情最艱難的時刻，國際社會向我們伸出了援助之手，很多國家自身經濟水準並不富裕，但是仍然是向我們踴躍地捐款、捐物。我想，我們開展國際發展合作的時候，是統籌考慮了以上這些因素。我們強調“力所能及”，我們的投入應該説是符合國家的外交政策和國際地位的，也是符合中國當前的國情的，同樣也是符合目前國際上通行的做法的。
Thirdly, help is always mutual. China has received tremendous support and help from the international community in its development. After the devastating earthquake in Wenchuan(2008)and at the height of our fight against COVID-19, the international community extended a helping hand to us. Many countries, though not rich themselves,made generous donations to us in cash and kind. I think that we have taken all those factors into account in our international development cooperation. We are helping wherever we can without overstretching ourselves. Our assistance is commensurate with our foreign policy and international status as well as our current national conditions, and also in line with the international practice.
我還想強調一點，開展國際發展合作與改善國內民生這兩者，它並不是一個對立的關係，兩者之間並不存在所謂的擠佔資源的問題。中國政府始終堅持以人民為中心的這種發展理念和思想。2020年，我們實現了現行標準下農村貧困人口全面脫貧，我們決勝全面建成小康社會也取得了決定性的成就。所以兩者之間完全是可以平衡兼顧的。
I also want to emphasize that conducting international development cooperation and improving Chinese people's livelihood are not incompatible, and there is no competition of resources.The Chinese government has always adhered to the people-centered development approach.In 2020, all rural residents under the current poverty standard were lifted out of poverty, and decisive achievements were made in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, which shows that we are capable of striking a balance between the two.
中國網：國際上我們也了解到，對於中國開展國際發展合作有一些質疑的聲音了。他們在説中國是不是現在強大了，通過國際發展合作來擴大影響力，對非洲搞“新殖民主義”。對此，您如何回應呢？
CHINA.COM.CN: We know that certain countries are questioning China’s international development cooperation, saying that a stronger China is using international development cooperation as a tool to enhance its influence and promote neo-colonialism in Africa.How do you respond to this?
田林：説中國利用國際發展合作搞所謂的“新殖民主義”，這個純屬無稽之談，根本是站不住腳的。這頂帽子扣不到中國頭上的。
Tian Lin: The absurd claim that China is using international development cooperation to engage in so-called neo-colonialism doesn't hold water. China has nothing to do with this.
中國歷史上是殖民主義的受害者，我們曾經經歷過100多年的殖民統治和侵略，我們深深地知道殖民主義給國家和民族帶來了多麼大的傷痛。那麼非洲它也經歷過500年的殖民統治，所以對殖民主義而言，中國人民和非洲人民都同樣地痛恨。對於什麼是殖民主義？中國人民和非洲人民，我們都同樣的清楚。
China itself was a victim of colonialism in the past. Having experienced colonial rule and aggression for more than 100 years, we are keenly aware of the immense suffering inflicted on a country and its people by colonialism. We share the same hatred for colonialism with African people, who also suffered from 500 years of colonial rule. Our two peoples know colonialism all too well.
中國開展國際發展合作從來都是襟懷坦白。我們説我們從來不附加任何政治條件，我們不干涉受援國的內政，我們始終堅持相互尊重、平等相待、重信守諾、互利共贏。我們幫助發展中國家提升自主發展的能力，應對緊急人道的局勢，我們援助的主要的這個方向是集中在民生領域，比如説學校、醫院，包括農業方面。那麼在方式上，我們是充分地尊重了受援國的意願和它的發展需求。我們實施這些援助任務，都是由受援國來提出來的。
China has always been clean and candid about its international development cooperation.We have made it clear that we never impose any political conditions, nor will we interfere in the internal affairs of recipient countries. We have upheld mutual respect, equality, good faith and mutual benefits for win-win cooperation. What we do is to help other developing countries improve their capability for self-generated development and cope with humanitarian emergencies. Our assistance mainly focuses on areas concerning people's livelihood, such as schools and hospitals, as well as agriculture. As to how the assistance is provided, we fully respect the will and needs of the recipient countries. All the aid projects we have implemented are proposed by the recipient countries themselves.
在建設過程中，我們一起商量，一起建設，受援國的人民是最終的受益方。這些做法事實上任何一點跟殖民主義都是靠不上邊的。我們的國際發展合作也是絕對不會走向殖民主義的道路。
The implementation process is characterized by joint consultation and contribution. It is the people of the recipient countries that benefit from the projects. What we do has nothing to do with colonialism nor will we ever seek colonialism in our international development cooperation.
所謂的“新殖民主義”都是西方輿論在炒作，非洲國家從來都沒這麼説過。我們是希望有關方面能夠把精力放到如何去幫助非洲國家去擺脫貧困、實現發展上來，而不是固守著陳規的這些思維，然後企圖把非洲國家當成自己的勢力範圍，想法設法地來破壞中非友好合作。
The so-called neo-colonialism is hyped up by the West. African countries have never said that. We hope that relevant parties can focus on how to help African countries get rid of poverty and achieve development, instead of clinging to their obsolete mindset, seeing African countries as their own sphere of influence and resorting to every conceivable means to undermine the friendship and cooperation between China and Africa.
中國網：當前新冠肺炎疫情依舊在全球蔓延，我們注意到白皮書中也是有專欄詳細介紹中國抗疫對外援助的一些情況。那麼請您詳細給我們講解一下這方面的內容，未來中國在疫苗對外援助方面還會有怎樣的行動呢？
CHINA.COM.CN: COVID-19 is still raging all over the world. We have noticed that the white paper has a section about China's anti-epidemic assistance to other countries. Please tell us more about that. And what action will China take in the future to help other countries with their vaccine supply?
田林：這次新冠肺炎疫情的對外援助，應該説是新中國成立以來，我們開展的援助時間最集中、涉及範圍最廣的一次緊急人道主義行動。
Tian Lin: China has been providing assistance for other countries in their COVID-19 response, and this is the longest and most extensive emergency humanitarian assistance campaign since the founding of the People's Republic of China.
截止到去年底，我們已經向150個國家和10多個國際組織，分批提供了防疫的物資援助。我們向33個國家派出了35支醫療隊。與當地的醫療衛生機構、專家開展經驗交流和分享，我們宣佈向世界衛生組織提供現匯援助，向聯合國成立的新冠肺炎疫情全球人道主義應對計劃提供資金支援，主要還是用來增強有關國家的防疫能力，加強公共衛生體系的建設。中國還發起了20國集團抗疫援助的這麼一個倡議，我們要在世衛組織的支援下，加強資訊方面的溝通，加強政策方面的協調，加強行動方面的配合。
By the end of last year, we had sent several batches of anti-pandemic material to 150 countries and more than 10 international organizations.We dispatched 35 medical teams to 33 countries to exchange and share experience with local medical institutions and experts. We provided cash assistance to the World Health Organization, as well as financing for the newly launched COVID-19 Global Humanitarian Response Plan of the UN, with the aim of enhancing pandemic response capacity of relevant countries and strengthening their public health system.China also proposed a G20 COVID-19 assistance initiative so that countries could strengthen information communication and policy and action coordination with the support of the WHO.
中國將繼續根據疫情發展情況積極地參與國際的抗疫合作，向有關國家提供力所能及的支援和幫助。
China will continue to actively participate in international anti-pandemic cooperation in light of the progress of the disease, and provide support and assistance for relevant countries within its capacity.
習近平主席已經莊重承諾，將中國産的新冠疫苗作為全球公共産品。去年底我們國産疫苗已經附條件上市了。我們將全面地落實好習近平主席的承諾，優先向發展中國家提供疫苗。那麼援助將是其中重要的一個組成部分，可能你已經關注到，近期中方已經宣佈向部分有需要的國家提供疫苗援助。在這方面，我們相信，只要各國共同努力，我們一定能夠最終戰勝疫情，維護人類的健康福祉。
President Xi has solemnly pledged to make China's COVID-19 vaccines a global public good.At the end of last year, our domestic vaccine was introduced to the market conditionally.We'll provide vaccines for developing countries on a priority basis to fully honor President Xi's commitment.Assistance will be an important part of that. As you may have noticed, China has recently announced that it will provide vaccine assistance for some countries in need. We are convinced that with joint efforts of all countries, we will eventually defeat the pandemic and safeguard the health and well-being of mankind.
中國網：當今世界面臨著百年未有之大變局，在新的挑戰不斷出現的情況之下，中國的國際發展合作，將面臨怎樣的新格局呢？我們需要做什麼？我們能夠做什麼？
CHINA.COM.CN: The world is undergoing changes unseen in a century. With new challenging constantly popping up, what is the future for China’s international development cooperation?What should we do and what can we do?
田林：首先我們是要合作，應對好新冠肺炎疫情，構建人類衛生健康共同體。我們要做的，一是繼續地提供必要的援助，包括各種物資援助、技術支援等等。
Tian Lin: First of all, we need to cooperate in COVID-19 response and build a community with a shared future for mankind. In this context, first, we should continue to offer necessary assistance, including all kinds of material and technical support.
第二個是能力建設方面，我們要繼續地為有關國家完善公共衛生體系建設提供支援和幫助。
Second, we need to focus on capacity-building, providing support and assistance for relevant countries to improve their public health system.
第三，我們要繼續堅持支援世界衛生組織，這些國際機構發揮重要的作用。這是第一個層面。
Third, we need to support the World Health Organization, among other international organizations,in playing their important roles. These are the first things we can do.
第二個層面，我們要共同地落實好聯合國2030年可持續發展議程，我們始終堅持以人為本，聚焦民生，堅持要落實好習近平主席在重大國際場合所宣佈的合作舉措，繼續把助力共建“一帶一路”和落實聯合國2030年可持續發展議程更加緊密地結合起來，幫助其他發展中國家恢復經濟和社會方面的發展，增強民眾的獲得感和幸福感。
Secondly, we should join hands with other countries in implementing the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Putting people and their livelihood first, we will earnestly implement the cooperation measures that President Xi has announced on major international occasions. We will align our efforts in advancing Belt and Road cooperation and in implementing the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, so as to help other developing countries achieve economic and social development, and make people feel happier and better served.
第三方面，還是要加強團結和協作，應對全球的這種挑戰。我們要推動建立更加平等均衡的全球發展夥伴關係，繼續堅定地支援多邊主義，推動優化和完善國際發展合作領域的全球治理。在充分尊重受援國主權和意願的基礎之上，我們也願意同有關捐助國和國際地區組織共同探討，並且穩步地開展國際發展合作領域的三方合作。
Thirdly, it is essential to strengthen solidarity and collaboration in meeting global challenges.We should strive for a global development partnership that is more equal and balanced, firmly uphold multilateralism, and improve global governance in the field of international development cooperation. While fully respecting the sovereignty and will of recipient countries, we are ready for consultations with relevant donor countries as well as regional and international organizations to gradually roll out tripartite international development cooperation.
第四方面就是自身的能力建設，提高自己的能力和水準。這其中包括比如説規劃的制定、法律法規和制度方面的建設、加強項目全流程的管理、建立健全監督評估機制等等。
Fourthly, we need to improve our own ability and performance through capacity-building.This includes, for example, formulation of planning, improvement of the legal framework and systems, better management of the whole process of projects, and establishment of a sound supervision and evaluation mechanism.
總而言之，中國未來為國際發展合作的這個領域，一定會不斷地注入正能量，繼續地為廣大發展中國家提供力所能及的支援，為全球經濟的包容、平衡、可持續的增長注入動力，同時也是為構建人類命運共同體作出更大的貢獻。
In a nutshell, there is no doubt that China will continue to inject positive energy into international development cooperation in the future, by rendering support to other developing countries wherever it can, and by promoting inclusive, balanced and sustainable growth of the global economy. China will make even greater contributions to the building of a community with a shared future for mankind.
中國網：好，感謝田司長為我們帶來如此精彩的解讀！相信未來中國將為全球的國際發展與合作貢獻更加積極的力量。謝謝您！
CHINA.COM.CN: Director-General Tian, thank you so much for the excellent interpretation. We are convinced that China will contribute even more to international development cooperation in the future.Thank you.
田林：謝謝！
Tian Lin: Thank you.
（本期人員：編導/主持：佟靜；攝影：鄭亮；後期：劉凱/張文泉；主編：鄭海濱）
